Hospitalist Admission and Rounding Pocket Guide
Orders, Daily Rounds, Handoffs, and Discharge Decisions for the Inpatient Medicine Team
The 30 entries with the warnings that matter most on a first shift, drawn from every chapter. Read them in the car park, then drill them as flashcards.
1Admit vs. Discharge from the EDCh. 1
The ED requests admission for a patient who might be safe to go home.
Accepting every admit request without asking about home support, transportation, and who can check on the patient tonight.
2Chief Complaint and HPICh. 2
Every admission, and any day the presentation has changed.
Translating the complaint into a diagnosis before the history is done. A patient who says the room is spinning has not said vertigo.
3Admit Order ElementsCh. 3
Writing the first order set for any admission.
Leaving VTE prophylaxis or the diet order to be added later. Later is often too late.
4Overnight Event ReviewCh. 4
At the start of every rounding day, before seeing the patient.
Reading only the physician cross-cover note. Nurses record the early signs that physicians miss.
5Sepsis Screening ToolsCh. 5
Screening acutely ill hospitalized adults on arrival and at every set of vitals.
Ignoring a patient who fails the screen but looks unwell. A screen supports your judgment but does not replace it.
6HEART ScoreCh. 6
A patient has chest pain with a nondiagnostic ECG and you must decide who can be discharged.
Using the score on a patient with ST elevation or hemodynamic instability. It applies only to undifferentiated, stable chest pain.
7Imaging for Suspected PneumoniaCh. 7
A patient has fever, cough, or hypoxemia and you suspect pneumonia.
Excluding pneumonia on an early normal film in a dehydrated patient with a strong clinical picture. Repeat the imaging if suspicion remains.
8UTI vs. Asymptomatic BacteriuriaCh. 8
Dysuria, urgency, frequency, suprapubic pain, flank pain, or fever. A positive urine culture without symptoms is bacteriuria, not infection.
Fever with flank pain, an obstructing stone, or sepsis needs imaging and a different pathway.
9Upper GI Bleed: First HourCh. 9
Hematemesis, coffee-ground emesis, melena, or hemodynamic instability with a high BUN-to-creatinine ratio.
Hypotension, hematemesis with altered mental status, or a falling hemoglobin despite transfusion needs the ICU, airway protection, and urgent endoscopy.
10Acute Kidney Injury: First StepsCh. 10
A creatinine rise of 0.3 mg/dL within 48 hours, or 1.5 times baseline within 7 days, or urine output below 0.5 mL/kg per hour for 6 hours.
Hyperkalemia with ECG changes, refractory acidosis, volume overload, uremic symptoms, or toxic ingestion needs urgent nephrology review.
11Glucose Targets and MonitoringCh. 11
Any patient with diabetes or hyperglycemia is admitted.
Using sliding scale insulin alone. It reacts to high values and does not prevent them.
12Altered Mental Status: First StepsCh. 12
New confusion, drowsiness, agitation, or unresponsiveness.
A Glasgow Coma Scale of 8 or less, a blown pupil, or fever with neck stiffness needs immediate action.
13Anticoagulation BasicsCh. 13
Prevention of venous thromboembolism, treatment of DVT and pulmonary embolism, stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation, and mechanical valves.
Check baseline hemoglobin, platelets, creatinine, and weight. Recheck platelets on heparin.
14Oncologic EmergenciesCh. 14
A patient with known or suspected cancer who has an acute change.
Any neurologic deficit or airway symptom is time-critical.
15Pain Assessment and Multimodal PlanCh. 15
A patient reports pain on admission or during the stay.
Ordering an opioid alone, as needed, without scheduled non-opioid drugs.
16Preoperative Risk AssessmentCh. 16
A patient is scheduled for non-cardiac surgery and a medical opinion is requested.
Ordering a stress test or echocardiogram for a low-risk patient, which delays surgery without changing management.
17Geriatric PrescribingCh. 17
Prescribing for a patient age 65 or older.
Adding a drug for each new symptom without asking whether a drug caused it.
18Calling a ConsultCh. 18
A clinical question is beyond the primary team, or an intervention is needed from another specialty.
Asking 'please evaluate' without a question, or leaving an urgent consult in the electronic queue.
19Capacity AssessmentCh. 19
A patient refuses or accepts a treatment and you doubt they can understand the choice.
Equating capacity with a cognitive test score, a psychiatric diagnosis, or disagreement with your advice.
20Discharge ReadinessCh. 20
Deciding that a patient is ready to go.
Discharging by the clock without checking the pending issues, such as an unsafe home or a missing prescription.
21Inpatient vs. Observation DecisionCh. 1
A patient needs hospital care but the expected duration is uncertain.
Choosing status by bed availability, payer, or the time of day instead of the clinical expectation.
22Collateral HistoryCh. 2
The patient is confused, intubated, intoxicated, has dementia, or cannot give a reliable account.
Accepting the ED summary of the family's account without speaking to them. Details are lost at each handoff.
23Diet OrdersCh. 3
Every admission.
Ordering strict NPO after midnight for a procedure that may not happen. Prolonged NPO status worsens glycemic control and delirium.
24Vitals, I/Os, and Weight TrendsCh. 4
Every day, for every patient.
Trusting the intake and output chart over the scale. Charts miss incontinence, insensible loss, and skipped measurements.
25Sepsis vs. Septic ShockCh. 5
Sepsis is life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated response to infection, shown by an acute rise in the SOFA score of 2 or more. Septic shock is sepsis with a need for vasopressors to keep the mean arterial pressure at 65 mm Hg or more and a lactate above 2 mmol/L despite adequate fluids.
Mottled skin, delayed capillary refill, a new oxygen requirement, or confusion in an older adult, even with a normal temperature.
26High-Sensitivity Troponin InterpretationCh. 6
Any patient with symptoms of myocardial ischemia.
Calling every elevated troponin an NSTEMI. Chronic kidney disease, sepsis, heart failure, and pulmonary embolism raise it without plaque rupture.
27CAP Severity ScoresCh. 7
Deciding the site of care for community-acquired pneumonia.
Sending home a low-score patient who has hypoxemia, no support at home, or an inability to take oral medication.
28PyelonephritisCh. 8
Fever, flank pain, nausea, and costovertebral tenderness, often with pyuria and bacteriuria.
No improvement in 48 to 72 hours, sepsis, or an obstructing stone needs CT and urology.
29Risk Scores for Upper GI BleedingCh. 9
Used to decide which patients can go home and which need admission, endoscopy, or ICU care.
Do not discharge on score alone when the patient is on anticoagulants or has no safe follow-up.
30Prerenal vs. Intrinsic AKICh. 10
Rising creatinine in which the cause is not clear from the history.
Red cell casts, proteinuria, or hematuria suggests glomerulonephritis and needs nephrology.
Each card shows when you would use an entry. Say what you would do, then check. Cards you miss come back soon; cards you know come back after longer gaps.
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Educational study aid, not clinical advice. Always follow your facility's protocols, the orders of the responsible provider, and current drug labeling. Ranges and doses must be checked against your local references.